Memburu Teroris: Kelompok MIT Sulawesi Tengah Terlatih dan Sarat Pengalaman Tempur

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Pasukan TNI memburu teroris MIT

BarisanBerita.com,- Pengerahan TNI-Polri dalam pengejaran kelompok teroris Mujahidin Indonesia Timur (MIT) Poso, sampai kini belum membuahkan hasil.

Sejumlah faktor menjadi penyebab begitu sulitnya kawanan teroris tersebut diringkus.

Sejak 2016, aparat penegak hukum telah melakukan pengejaran terhadap kelompok yang saat ini dipimpin Ali Kalora tanpa hasil.

Kabupaten Poso, yang berbatasan dengan Sigi, memiliki sejarah konflik komunal yang melibatkan kelompok agama Islam dan Kristen.

Konflik komunal pertama pecah pada akhir 1998. Ketegangan lain menyusul pada 2000 dan memaksa aparat mendatangkan pasukan Brigade Mobil kepolisian dari Palu.

Pada 2000 pula, kelompok-kelompok milisi, termasuk kelompok Jemaah Islamiyah (JI), berdatangan ke Poso untuk “bertempur”. JI adalah kelompok yang bertanggung jawab dalam beberapa pengeboman, termasuk Bom Bali tahun 2002.

Dilansir dari The Conversation, Noor Huda Ismail – pakar anti-terorisme di S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Singapura – mengemukakan pendapatnya tentang situasi konflik di Sulawesi Tengah yang terus berlangsung.

Mengapa kelompok bersenjata di Sulawesi Tengah bisa bertahan begitu lama, hampir 20 tahun?

Kabar konflik agama di Poso pada 2000 menyebar ke kelompok militan di Jawa.

Para kelompok militan, yang rata-rata alumni JI yang pernah belajar di Afghanistan dan Moro di Filipina selatan, menjadikan Poso lokasi untuk mempraktikkan ilmu-ilmunya. Salah satunya, melakukan penyerangan sistematis dengan merakit bom.

Kelompok JI melakukan pelatihan militer terus-menerus di sana. Tujuan mereka utopis, mendirikan negara Islam atau khilafah.

Mereka melakukan pelatihan secara estafet. Misalnya, kelompok pertama JI melatih orang-orang lokal, lalu orang-orang itu kemudian melatih orang-orang lain lagi, hingga hari ini.

Setelah mereka masuk ke wilayah Poso pada awal 2000-an, orang-orang JI – termasuk Ali Kalora – menikah dengan orang lokal.

Masyarakat setempat tidak menganggap mereka teroris, karena ketika konflik terjadi, mereka membela umat Islam. Sebagian masyarakat menganggap mereka pahlawan.

Kelompok ini bisa bertahan lama juga karena faktor medan yang berhutan-hutan. Mereka sudah bertahun-tahun tinggal di sana dan mengenal medan.

Sementara, aparat datang silih berganti dan medan menjadi selalu asing bagi aparat yang baru datang.

Bagaimana posisi masyarakat lokal?

Masyarakat lokal sebenarnya dalam posisi agak berbahaya. Masyarakat berada di tengah-tengah antara polisi dan MIT.

Kalau mereka ‘mendukung’ polisi, mereka akan jadi sasaran MIT. Masyarakat yang terlalu mendukung akan jadi sasaran karena dianggap bagian polisi atau mata-mata polisi.

Sebaliknya, kalau mereka tidak membantu polisi, maka dianggap mendukung MIT.

Konflik ini seperti puncak gunung es, jumlah anggota MIT mungkin tinggal 10 orang, tapi ini adalah sebuah produk jaringan jihad yang lebih luas dan berpengalaman. Sampai saat ini kelompok MIT pun masih berhubungan dengan ISIS.

Apa yang perlu dilakukan?

Saya kira negara pastinya perlu menangkapi para anggota MIT; tapi lebih penting lagi, negara perlu melacak dan mencari akar-akarnya dari mana, misalnya dengan melacak penyebaran pandangan radikal di lembaga-lembaga keagamaan seperti pesantren.

Sebab, peran pendidikan baik formal maupun informal penting untuk mencegah terorisme menjadi masalah berkepanjangan.

Pekerjaan rumah kita soal ini menurut saya masih panjang.

Agama sangat penting bagi orang Indonesia. Artinya kalau mau menyelesaikan isu ini, perlu ada narasi agama yang moderat dan harus didorong.

(TCO)

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